Penganalisisan Pengoperasian Terminal Perkayuan Pelabuhan Klang Menerusi Rangkaian Giliran Tertutup

Tujuan utama kaJian ini adalah untuk mengkaji operasi pengendalian kayu kayan di terminal perkayuan Pelabuhan Klang dan dengan itu mengesan kesesakan dalam sistem pengendalian kayu kayan. Suatu model rangkaian giliran tertutup yang digelar SM1 dibina untuk mencapai tujuan ini. Model SM1 ini juga menganalisis prestasi bagi peralatan terminal dan daya pemprosesan (purata tan dikendal ikan per unit masa) bagi kren kapal. Tambahan lagi, carta perancangan pelabuhan Tarr dan Crook (1971) boleh digunakan untuk merancang terminal perkayuan secara kuantitatlf bagi suatu tempoh masa tertentu. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pemindahan kayu kayan dari gudang penyimpanan ke dermaga adalah cekap.Akan tetapi, daya pemprosesan kren kapal kurang dar lpada kadar pemindahan kayu kayan. Ini mengakibatkan kesesakan aliran kayu kayan berlaku di kren kapal dan kayu kayan tertinggal berlonggok di dermaga. Beberapa cadangan yang diberikan untuk mengatasi masalah ini ialah menambahkan bilangan kumpulan tenaga kerja dan bilangan kait per kren kapal, melajukan operasi pengendalian di dalam petak kapal,menggunakan kren kapal yang lebih cekap dengan kapasiti yang lebih tinggi dan mempiawaikan unit muatan longgokan kayu kayan supaya berada di sekitar 10 tan. KaJian mencadangkan bilangan dermaga yang opt imum sebanyak dua buah untuk terminal perkayuan Pelabuhan Klang. Ini boleh mengakibatkan penghunian dermaga sebanyak 47%. Juga, Jumlah masa kapal berada di pelabuhan adalah 450 hari, dengan kos sebanyak M$6.8juta per tahun

Benchmarking the performance of UK electricity distribution network operators: a study of quality, efficiency and productivity using data envelopment analysis

The aim of this thesis is twofold. The first is to develop a comprehensive methodology for assessing performance and then to apply it to the UK electricity distribution network operators (DNOs) to analyse the impact of the regulatory reforms and privatisation introduced in 1990-91 on their quality, efficiency and productivity developments. The models and methods developed will not only be useful in the electricity distribution context but also to other organisations that need to assess and monitor both their efficiency and quality. These objectives are realised through the use of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, the main subject area of this thesis. This method has recently become very popular in the empirical literature due to the minimal assumptions underlying it, the case of handling multiple inputs and outputs, and its usefulness in the measurement of productivity. Performance measurement needs to keep pace with the changes in the industry. With the developments in energy and regulatory policy, and the enactment of the Utilities Act 2000, the focus of regulation has broadened from a narrow economic focus towards a wider one of protecting the interests of consumers. The latter includes not only price but also quality of service. Given this broadening focus, it is essential that performance measurement takes into account these aspects. This thesis incorporates new dimensions into efficiency and productivity measurement of electricity distribution network operators by taking into account the quality characteristics of electricity distribution operations. The dimensions of quality of service in electricity distribution were defined in this study, namely the quality of supply dimension and the quality of customer service dimension. Plausible measures of service quality were suggested. In order to provide a more balanced performance assessment, the new DEA model that incorporates the quantity as well as the quality of the services that distribution network operators provide their customers was used. In this study, only the quality of supply dimension was used in the analysis. (The quality of customer service dimension was omitted due to lack of data). Besides this, in order to achieve a more comprehensive assessment, both the operating and capital costs of distribution operations were included as inputs. The technological realities of the electricity distribution production process were captured in this study by taking into account the production trade-offs that exist between inputs and outputs. When trade-offs occur, the reduction in one factor can lead to increases in another, thereby reducing the overall reduction. The reflection of production trade-offs provides more reliable results than can be utilised in management and policy making. The production trade-offs were accounted by developing an enhanced DEA model using weight restrictions that are constructed on the basis of production trade-offs. The enhanced DEA model thus was referred to as the ‘weight-restricted’ model. This model developed was used to evaluate the DNOs efficiencies in 1999/00. A new productivity index called the ‘weight-restricted’ Malmquist productivity index was also developed in order to evaluate the quality and productivity changes of the DNOs since 1990/91. This new index is similar in spirit to the Malmquist productivity index but it reflects production trade-offs and service quality rather than just quantities per se. In this regard, the index is more appropriate to evaluate the DNOs. The index was decomposed in this study into its root components of efficiency change and technological change

Benchmarking the performance of UK electricity distribution network operators : a study of quality, efficiency and productivity using data envelopment analysis

The aim of this thesis is twofold. The first is to develop a comprehensive methodology for assessing performance and then to apply it to the UK electricity distribution network operators (DNOs) to analyse the impact of the regulatory reforms and privatisation introduced in 1990-91 on their quality, efficiency and productivity developments. The models and methods developed will not only be useful in the electricity distribution context but also to other organisations that need to assess and monitor both their efficiency and quality. These objectives are realised through the use of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, the main subject area of this thesis. This method has recently become very popular in the empirical literature due to the minimal assumptions underlying it, the case of handling multiple inputs and outputs, and its usefulness in the measurement of productivity. Performance measurement needs to keep pace with the changes in the industry. With the developments in energy and regulatory policy, and the enactment of the Utilities Act 2000, the focus of regulation has broadened from a narrow economic focus towards a wider one of protecting the interests of consumers. The latter includes not only price but also quality of service. Given this broadening focus, it is essential that performance measurement takes into account these aspects. This thesis incorporates new dimensions into efficiency and productivity measurement of electricity distribution network operators by taking into account the quality characteristics of electricity distribution operations. The dimensions of quality of service in electricity distribution were defined in this study, namely the quality of supply dimension and the quality of customer service dimension. Plausible measures of service quality were suggested. In order to provide a more balanced performance assessment, the new DEA model that incorporates the quantity as well as the quality of the services that distribution network operators provide their customers was used. In this study, only the quality of supply dimension was used in the analysis. (The quality of customer service dimension was omitted due to lack of data). Besides this, in order to achieve a more comprehensive assessment, both the operating and capital costs of distribution operations were included as inputs. The technological realities of the electricity distribution production process were captured in this study by taking into account the production trade-offs that exist between inputs and outputs. When trade-offs occur, the reduction in one factor can lead to increases in another, thereby reducing the overall reduction. The reflection of production trade-offs provides more reliable results than can be utilised in management and policy making. The production trade-offs were accounted by developing an enhanced DEA model using weight restrictions that are constructed on the basis of production trade-offs. The enhanced DEA model thus was referred to as the ‘weight-restricted’ model. This model developed was used to evaluate the DNOs efficiencies in 1999/00. A new productivity index called the ‘weight-restricted’ Malmquist productivity index was also developed in order to evaluate the quality and productivity changes of the DNOs since 1990/91. This new index is similar in spirit to the Malmquist productivity index but it reflects production trade-offs and service quality rather than just quantities per se. In this regard, the index is more appropriate to evaluate the DNOs. The index was decomposed in this study into its root components of efficiency change and technological change.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceAssociation of Commonwealth Universities (ACU)GBUnited Kingdo

Eco-efficiency measurement and material balance principle:an application in power plants Malmquist Luenberger Index

Incorporating Material Balance Principle (MBP) in industrial and agricultural performance measurement systems with pollutant factors has been on the rise in recent years. Many conventional methods of performance measurement have proven incompatible with the material flow conditions. This study will address the issue of eco-efficiency measurement adjusted for pollution, taking into account materials flow conditions and the MBP requirements, in order to provide ‘real’ measures of performance that can serve as guides when making policies. We develop a new approach by integrating slacks-based measure to enhance the Malmquist Luenberger Index by a material balance condition that reflects the conservation of matter. This model is compared with a similar model, which incorporates MBP using the trade-off approach to measure productivity and eco-efficiency trends of power plants. Results reveal similar findings for both models substantiating robustness and applicability of the proposed model in this paper

Throughput planning of Port Klang's timber terminal.

In this paper we describe a system called SM1 for throughput planning of the timber terminal at Port Klang,Malaysia. The SM1 devised for the timber terminal analyses the interaction of terminal equipments (forklifts,tractors,trailers and shipcranes for ship loading) to describe the performance of each of the equipments and the throughput of the terminal

Suatu tinjauan ke atas pengaturcaraan gol.

Pengaturcaraan gol merupakan suatu alat yang dicadangkan sebagai pendekatan bagi menganalisis masalah-masalahyang membabitkan beberapa objektif yang berkonflik. Dalam kertas ini, tatacara pengaturcaraan gol, model pengaturcaraan gal linear dan kaedah-kaedah penyelesaian diperihalkan. Dua pendekatan asas untuk menyelesaikah masalah pengaturcaraan gol linear yang diperihalkan adalah teknik pengaturcaraan gol linear berjujukan (PGLB) dan kaedah simpleks multifasa